The simplest way to specify any location on Earth is by using coordinates. The geographic coordinate system is made up of lines of latitude and longitude. Latitude is an arc of a circle parallel to the Equator, with its plane perpendicular to Earth’s axis of rotation. To determine latitude, we connect a point with the Earth’s center and measure the angle it forms with the Equator. Zero degrees latitude is called the Equator, which divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Latitud

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