This simulation demonstrates the complete signal journey from analog to digital and back. The input is a pure sine wave that passes through an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), which samples and quantizes it into discrete digital steps. These stepped waveforms represent the binary-coded signal levels. The output of the ADC is then fed into a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) that reconstructs the signal into a staircase waveform. Finally, the DAC output is smoothed using an active low-pass filt

This simulation demonstrates the concept of ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) sampling rates and how they affect the representation of an analog signal. The analog input is sampled at different frequencies—500 Hz, 1 kHz, and 2 kHz—using clock signals. As shown in the waveforms, higher sampling rates capture more details of the original signal, producing a smoother digital output, while lower sampling rates capture fewer points, leading to a more distorted and stair-stepped output. This illustrat